经济增长担忧或很快取代通胀担忧

高企的通胀率可能意味着各主要央行将比此前预期更早开始加息。此举有可能损害脆弱的经济复苏,而如果通胀压力最终只是短暂的,此举可能被证明是一个政策错误。

经济增长担忧或很快取代通胀担忧

Emese Bartha2021年11月19日19:25 CST 更新

通货膨胀最近一直是投资者的头号关切,但随着供应链受限、借贷成本上升和新冠病例增多,通胀担忧也许很快会被经济增长放缓担忧所取代。

高企的实际通胀率和预期通胀率已推升债券收益率,这可能意味着各主要央行将比此前预期更早开始加息。

此举有可能损害脆弱的经济复苏,而且如果通胀压力最终只是短暂的,此举可能被证明是一个政策错误。

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瑞士宝盛(Julius Baer Group)首席投资官Yves Bonzon表示:“几个季度后,我们担心的将是经济增长,而不是通货膨胀。”

鉴于美国消费者对其国内生产总值(GDP)的贡献率超过三分之二,他强调了经济复苏有多依赖消费者支出,而消费者支出很容易因借贷成本升高和/或价格上涨而受到抑制。

东方汇理资产管理(Amundi)的全球研究主管Monica Defend说,全球经济处于一种“稳态转换”之中,通胀在走高,而增长势头在放缓。

她在最近的一次网络研讨会上表示:“通胀在走高,但增长才真正值得担忧。”

她举例说明未来几个月可能阻碍增长的因素时,提到了中国发生硬着陆的风险、新冠疫情近来的反弹、气候风险以及政策失误。

各央行在寻求收紧货币政策以抵御通胀压力时或许不得不谨慎行事,因为多年来的大规模货币刺激举措已经让消费者和企业习惯于超低的借贷成本,而且可能对此产生了依赖。

Defend称,经过多年的超宽松融资环境,设法退出这种非常规货币政策绝非易事。

她表示,如果退出的过程处理不当,央行的公信力就会面临风险。

Union Bancaire Privee的财富管理首席投资官Norman Villamin称,财政和货币政策制定者未来面临的挑战将是,如何在缓解通胀的近期政治压力和在较长期内提高生产率之间取得平衡。

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他表示:“虽然毫无疑问,将需要财政政策支持,以减轻能源价格高企以及其他供应限制对需求的影响,但对于决策者而言,大幅提高利率以应对这些供应面的冲击可能是个错误。”

他表示,决策者可能得接受,预算赤字将需要保持高水平,而且他们应该把重点放在能提高生产率的投资上。

10月份的最新数据显示,美国通货膨胀率为6.2%,创下30年来的高点;英国通货膨胀率为4.2%,创下10年来的新高;欧元区的通货膨胀率为4.1%,创下13年高位

(本文来自道琼斯通讯社)