美联储加息预期下,银行股有望迎来大涨

银行投资者已准备好迎接美国国债收益率上升。上周标普500指数金融板块上涨了5.4%,创下2010年以来最佳年度开局。投资者正在押注,即将到来的加息将助长金融业的利润,并使该行业比科技业更具吸引力。

美联储加息预期下,银行股有望迎来大涨

银行投资者已准备好迎接美国国债收益率上升。

上周是今年1月份的头五个交易日,当周标普500指数金融板块上涨了5.4%,创下2010年以来最佳年度开局。与之形成鲜明对比的是,大盘标普500指数出现回落,下跌了1.9%。

投资者正在押注,即将到来的加息将助长金融业的利润,并使该行业比科技业更具吸引力。在美股去年的上涨行情中,科技股是主要贡献者之一。

KBW纳斯达克银行指数上周上涨了10%,创下2020年11月以来最大单周百分比涨幅。以科技股为主的纳斯达克综合指数上周下跌了4.5%,创下2020年3月以来最大单周跌幅。

周二,标普500指数金融板块上涨了0.8%。

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银行股上周大涨的背景是,上周三公布的美国联邦储备委员会(简称:美联储)会议纪要显示,官员们认为最早可能3月份就加息,比之前预期的要早。周二,10年期美国国债收益率收于1.745%,高于一周前的1.666%。

得益于证券交易和并购交易业务方面的丰厚收入,最近银行仍能录得惊人的利润。不过,利率攀升将有助于提振银行赖以生存的基本业务。

银行之所以能赚钱,部分原因是发放的贷款利率高于支付的存款利率;银行往往会先提高贷款利率,然后再上调存款利率。

某些类型的贷款,比如房贷,其利率往往会与10年期美国国债收益率同步变动。

此外,当长期国债收益率上升时,银行也倾向于提高某些企业和商业房地产贷款的利率。

那些收益率可以充当晴雨表,反映市场对美联储加息的预期。当美联储上调基准利率时,银行往往会提高信用卡利率和一些可变利率贷款的利率。

巴克莱(Barclays)银行业分析师Jason Goldberg说:“随着利率攀升,银行收取的贷款利率与支付的存款利率之差将开始扩大。”Goldberg建议投资者在2022年专注于投资银行股。

一些银行已经开始受益。上周,Regions Financial Corp. (RF)、M&T Bank Corp. (MTB)和Citizens Financial Group Inc. (CFG)股价均上涨了约15%。周二,M&T Bank和Citizens Financial进一步上涨,但Regions Financial股价下跌。

Bankrate.com的首席金融分析师Greg McBride说:“当前的背景对金融股十分有利,利率上升可以提升银行的利润率,而强劲的经济可以促进借贷。”

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眼下,多家银行将于本周晚些时候公布财报,投资者拭目以待,期待从中获得更多有关公司利润情况的线索。

美国一些最大的银行——摩根大通(JPMorgan Chase & Co., JPM)、花旗集团(Citigroup Inc., C)和富国银行(Wells Fargo & Co., WFC)将于本周五公布第四财季业绩。

已有多名美联储官员预计今年年内将至少加息三次,每次加息25个基点。不过一些银行业人士期待美联储加大加息力度。

“如果只加息四次,我个人会感到惊讶,”摩根大通首席执行官杰米·戴蒙(Jamie Dimon)周一在接受CNBC采访时说。“这样的话次数太少了,其影响很容易就被经济吸收了。”