微软投下巨大阴影

对于企业科技开支的韧性而言,软件巨头微软的悲观业绩预期是一个坏兆头。

微软投下巨大阴影

在企业的技术经理中,现在可能还没有人会因为购买微软(Microsoft Corp., MSFT)产品而被解雇。但减少所有类型的开支似乎是现在可能性更大的做法。

尽管众所周知,全球个人电脑销售大幅下滑,但微软截至9月的财季仍取得不错业绩;大多数个人电脑仍使用该公司知名的Windows操作系统。微软当季的收入和营业利润增长放缓,但略高于华尔街预期,即使包含大部分Windows业务的部门也是如此。

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但在一些更重要的领域,微软当季的业绩却不是那么出色。该公司公共云服务Azure当季收入同比增长35%,增幅比分析师预期低两个百分点,较过去四个季度46%的平均增速大幅放缓。坚挺的美元对Azure当季收入产生了很大影响,微软表示,若剔除汇兑因素影响,Azure当季收入增幅为42%。但相较于过去四个季度经汇率调整后的增长率而言,Azure当季收入增速依然明显放缓。该公司还预计,在截至12月的财季中,Azure收入的增速将进一步下降五个百分点,同时指出,该服务的使用料将继续出现一定程度的“放缓”。Azure的业务规模仅次于亚马逊公司(Amazon.com Inc., AMZN)旗下的云服务。

Azure的预期强化了美国科技公司当前季度令人失望的整体预测,而这不是科技板块投资者想听到的,尤其是在同一天下午谷歌(Google)母公司Alphabet (GOOG)发布令人失望的业绩报告之后。市场从不认为微软会免受衰退力量的影响,但该公司的业务范围涉及软件、科技硬件甚至广告等多个领域,相较于其它大型科技公司而言,微软业务的多样性更强,而其他大型科技公司对单个领域的依赖更强。微软当季的利润也表现不错:过去四个财季的营业利润率达到41.7%,远超苹果公司(Apple, AAPL)、谷歌母公司和Facebook母公司最近12个月平均30.5%的营业利润率。

但微软的大部分成功主要来自于该公司成为全球各企业不可或缺的服务,这些企业需要云计算、Excel电子表格、领英(Linkedin, LNKD)上的广告和招聘服务等。这也意味着微软通常是最后一个被企业缩减开支的科技公司:Jefferies最近对多名企业首席信息官进行的一项调查发现,67%的首席信息官预计明年将增加对微软产品和服务的支出。

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因此,微软业绩的趋软对整个科技行业来说都是一个不好的信号。根据FactSet慧甚的数据,该公司股价周三收跌近8%,创至少五年来财报公布后的最大单日跌幅。纳斯达克综合指数周三收跌2%,微软在云计算领域的主要竞争对手亚马逊的股价下跌超过4%。

Guggenheim的John DiFucci在关于微软的研究报告中写道:“我们认为,这表明,一个普遍疲软的宏观环境对一家业务范围广泛、经营良好的公司产生了实质性影响。”Wolfe Research的Alex Zukin说得更言简意赅:“冬天来了,它将降临到每个人身上,没有一家软件供应商会毫发无损。”